How does kernel get updated?

[gbullman]

I've just gone through the process of updating my Pi, running Raspbian from wheezy up to buster, release by release. Here is current output of cat /etc/os-release;

$ cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)"
NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="10"
VERSION="10 (buster)"
VERSION_CODENAME=buster
ID=raspbian
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="http://www.raspbian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="http://www.raspbian.org/RaspbianForums"
BUG_REPORT_URL="http://www.raspbian.org/RaspbianBugs"

I was under the impression that the kernel would be upgraded as part of apt-get dist-upgrade but it has not, best I can tell it is still the same version as it was with wheezy. Here is my uname -a output;

$ uname -a
Linux garyspi 3.18.6-v7i-aufs #1 SMP PREEMPT Tue Feb 10 22:35:34 CET 2015 armv7l GNU/Linux

Am I misunderstanding how to get the kernel version? If not, how to I bring the kernel up to date? From information I can find it seems like I should be on kernel 4.19

Any help on understanding this is appreciated.

[jamesh]

Odd. This should get everything up to date.

sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade

[epoch1970]

3.18.6-v7i-aufs
custom built kernel perhaps?

[DirkS]

Odd. This should get everything up to date.

sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade

That's not a normal kernel. IIRC berryboot uses 'aufs' and AFAIK all installed OSs on berryboot use the same kernel

Have never really used it so I don't know how to update the kernel...

[Bartolo]

It looks like that some default packages have been removed.
To install the default package maintainer version of the kernel you could:

Code: Select all

 sudo apt install --reinstall raspberrypi-bootloader raspberrypi-kernel

or maybe leave out the --reinstall part.

too install the latest kernel with firmware, you could execute:

Code: Select all

sudo rpi-update

The first solution is the safest.
Have a look here: link

[gbullman]

Odd. This should get everything up to date.

sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade

That's not a normal kernel. IIRC berryboot uses 'aufs' and AFAIK all installed OSs on berryboot use the same kernel

Have never really used it so I don't know how to update the kernel...

If berryboot is the ability to boot multiple OS's off of one SD card, I am using that from when I first started with Pi's. I was under impression that it was outside of the OS but sounding like it is not. I do not see myself booting anything other than Raspbian at this point but when I first got into this I thought I would.

Might be time to consider a fresh install unless someone has a better suggestion.
Thanks

[rpdom]

Did you update the sources.list file and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list?

If you didn't do the latter you would still be getting the old kernel.

Check with apt policy raspberrypi-bootloader

[edit] Ah, yes the berryboot thing will change all that.

[gbullman]

Odd. This should get everything up to date.

sudo apt update
sudo apt full-upgrade

That's not a normal kernel. IIRC berryboot uses 'aufs' and AFAIK all installed OSs on berryboot use the same kernel

Have never really used it so I don't know how to update the kernel...

I cannot thank you enough, I never would have considered the effect of using berryboot in this whole situation.

My overall situation is I have 2 Pi's; one is a Pi 1, model B, the other is a Pi 2 Model B. Both were set up with berryboot and neither would update their kernel.

I've been doing upgrades via ssh into these 2 Pi's and a session failed with the older one, essentially bricking that Pi. The Pi 2 successfully applied all of the upgrades but the kernel remained at 3.18.x as noted in my original post. The Pi 1 Model B had a failure within an ssh session while upgrading and would no longer boot.

My current situation is the Pi 1 now has a native Raspbian image on its SD card and is working fine as a plain vanilla Raspbian Pi. The Pi 2 has had its berryboot updated to berryboot 2.0 which results in a kernel of 4.19.49v6v7-aufs. The upgrade of berryboot is much simpler than I would have ever expected, really amounts to copying the new files in place.

Good chance I''ll migrate the Pi 2 to a native Raspian boot but at least I have both running on current software now.

Thanks again!