Are you referring to the SHA-1 checksum numbers on the download page?
These are so that you can test whether your downloaded zip files are correct as the RPF intended. Sometimes downloads appear to be successful, but problems with the server or your own bandwidth can corrupt the contents.
To test your downloaded images, refer to the Verifying an Image tutorial
here.
If your hash pattern (the long number) matches up with the one on the image download page, then you've downloaded the file successfully. If not, then it's best to try and download the image again, or if possible use the Bittorrent download which is more reliable.