All I know about ARM is that Raspberry Pi uses it,
and because of that, it doesn't have as much of a variety of software as Windows,
because most of them were made to support x86, and not ARM.

(If what I said was incorrect, please correct me)

Anyways, I hope someone can answer those two questions.

Thanks,
Nathan
Edited as of 7th December 2018:
I compiled all the points that were made in this forum post as of 6th December 2018:
Excluded points made by others if already pointed out beforehand
Btw this was pretty fun to make.

jamesh wrote:
- Very cheap
- Extremely common
- Used in mobile phones
- x86 processor would have put the pi at four times it's price
drgeoff wrote: - x86 couldn't be powered by a low cost power supply
timrowledge wrote: - Rare to find x86 as small and vaguely similar
- ARM is much more suited, in part because it doesn’t run Windows.
echmain wrote: - Freedom from the Meltdown and Spectre attacks
HawaiianPi wrote: - Power efficient
- Could be run from phone chargers (not recommended with Pi3 series)
- Used in lots of embedded applications as well (your router, smart TV, etc.)
- Running Linux means there is lots of free software
- More recent Raspbian Stretch Desktops include the Recommended Software package installer, which is arguably easier than Windows
W. H. Heydt wrote: - How to install software on a Pi:
- Run "sudo apt install <package>"
- Run the program you installed - Windows has the extra step of re-booting; very few things require that in Linux and you don't have to stop doing anything else while you updating
- GPU built in
Heater wrote: - Installing Raspbian is less of a nuisance
- Variety of software is large
DavidS wrote: - ARM is RISC, so no microcode layer, making it possible to keep the design simpler for the same performance.
- RISC OS is ARM only, and the first OS for the ARM (still around)
- ARM assembly language is simple to learn and a joy to program in (unlike x86 assembly)
- ARM has been a 32-Bit CPU since its introduction in 1985 (no GDT/LDT/TSS on ARM)
- One of the best desktop computer CPU archetectures around
- ARM will not run x86 Windows OS's
Then again, I think this is definitely a good amount of information to back up ARM.
Thank you all for your inputs. I greatly appreciate every one of you.
