I have some issues on float conversion: Here is my code and Error message, need urgent help
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Error Message
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 146, in <module>
forward(float(delay) / 1000.0, int(steps))
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 104, in forward
r, theta, z = mapping(lDistances,angle, z1)
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 121, in mapping
r= float(lDistances*math.sin(angle))
TypeError: a float is required
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import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
import os
import fileinput
import plotly.plotly as py
from plotly.graph_objs import *
import math
import array
username = 'pavi'
api_key = 'oegyhub3vl'
stream_token = '2idjptldya'
py.sign_in(username, api_key)
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
enable_pin = 18
coil_A_1_pin = 4
coil_A_2_pin = 2
coil_B_1_pin = 24
coil_B_2_pin = 25
GPIO_TRIGGER = 15
GPIO_ECHO = 14
GPIO.setup(enable_pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(coil_A_1_pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(coil_A_2_pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(coil_B_1_pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(coil_B_2_pin, GPIO.OUT)
print "Ultrasonic Measurement"
# Set pins as output and input
GPIO.setup(GPIO_TRIGGER,GPIO.OUT) # Trigger
GPIO.setup(GPIO_ECHO,GPIO.IN) # Echo
# Set trigger to False (Low)
GPIO.output(GPIO_TRIGGER, False)
GPIO.output(enable_pin, 1)
def forward(delay, steps):
angle = []
#Create a list to store distances
lDistances = []
z1 = []
for i in range(1, steps):
degree= i/1.422
# print '{:1.1f}'.format(degree)
setStep(1, 0, 1, 0)
time.sleep(delay)
setStep(0, 1, 1, 0)
time.sleep(delay)
setStep(0, 1, 0, 1)
time.sleep(delay)
setStep(1, 0, 0, 1)
time.sleep(delay)
angle.append(degree)
with open('angle.txt','a') as file:
for item in angle:
file.write("{:1.1f}\n".format(item))
time.sleep(0.3)
# Send 10us pulse to trigger
GPIO.output(GPIO_TRIGGER, True)
time.sleep(0.00001)
GPIO.output(GPIO_TRIGGER, False)
start = time.time()
while GPIO.input(GPIO_ECHO)==0:
start = time.time()
while GPIO.input(GPIO_ECHO)==1:
stop = time.time()
# Calculate pulse length
elapsed = stop-start
# Distance pulse travelled in that time is time
# multiplied by the speed of sound (cm/s)
distance = elapsed * 34300
# That was the distance there and back so halve the value
distance = distance / 2
print "Distance : %.1f" % distance+ " " + '{:1.1f}'.format(degree)+ " "+ '{:1.1f}'.format(count1)
if i > 0 and distance > 0:
lDistances.append(distance)
with open('distances.txt','a') as file:
for item in lDistances:
file.write("{:1.1f}\n".format(item))
z1.append(count1)
with open('z1.txt','a') as file:
for item in z1:
file.write("{:1.1f}\n".format(item))
r, theta, z = mapping(lDistances,angle, z1)
trace0 = Scatter3d(x= r, y= theta, z=z1)
layout = Layout(
title='Raspberry Pi Streaming Sensor Data'
)
fig = Figure(data=[trace0], layout=layout)
plot_url = py.plot(fig)
def mapping(lDistances,angle, z1):
r= float(lDistances*math.sin(angle))
theta = distance*math.cos(angle)
z = float(count1)
return r, theta, z
def setStep(w1, w2, w3, w4):
GPIO.output(coil_A_1_pin, w1)
GPIO.output(coil_A_2_pin, w2)
GPIO.output(coil_B_1_pin, w3)
GPIO.output(coil_B_2_pin, w4)
count1 = 0
while True:
r = raw_input("do you want to run (y/n): ")
count1 += 1
count = 0
while (count <1):
if r == 'y':
delay = 10.0
steps = 512.0
forward(float(delay) / 1000.0, int(steps))
count = count + 1
# Reset GPIO settings
GPIO.cleanup()
Re: Type Error: Float is required
Code: Select all
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
import os
import fileinput
import plotly.plotly as py
from plotly.graph_objs import *
import math
import array
username = 'pavi'
api_key = 'oegyhub3vl'
stream_token = '2idjptldya'
py.sign_in(username, api_key)
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
enable_pin = 18
coil_A_1_pin = 4
coil_A_2_pin = 2
coil_B_1_pin = 24
coil_B_2_pin = 25
GPIO_TRIGGER = 15
GPIO_ECHO = 14
GPIO.setup(enable_pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(coil_A_1_pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(coil_A_2_pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(coil_B_1_pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(coil_B_2_pin, GPIO.OUT)
print "Ultrasonic Measurement"
# Set pins as output and input
GPIO.setup(GPIO_TRIGGER,GPIO.OUT) # Trigger
GPIO.setup(GPIO_ECHO,GPIO.IN) # Echo
# Set trigger to False (Low)
GPIO.output(GPIO_TRIGGER, False)
GPIO.output(enable_pin, 1)
def forward(delay, steps):
angle = []
#Create a list to store distances
lDistances = []
z1 = []
for i in range(1, steps):
degree= i/1.422
# print '{:1.1f}'.format(degree)
setStep(1, 0, 1, 0)
time.sleep(delay)
setStep(0, 1, 1, 0)
time.sleep(delay)
setStep(0, 1, 0, 1)
time.sleep(delay)
setStep(1, 0, 0, 1)
time.sleep(delay)
angle.append(degree)
with open('angle.txt','a') as file:
for item in angle:
file.write("{:1.1f}\n".format(item))
time.sleep(0.3)
# Send 10us pulse to trigger
GPIO.output(GPIO_TRIGGER, True)
time.sleep(0.00001)
GPIO.output(GPIO_TRIGGER, False)
start = time.time()
while GPIO.input(GPIO_ECHO)==0:
start = time.time()
while GPIO.input(GPIO_ECHO)==1:
stop = time.time()
# Calculate pulse length
elapsed = stop-start
# Distance pulse travelled in that time is time
# multiplied by the speed of sound (cm/s)
distance = elapsed * 34300
# That was the distance there and back so halve the value
distance = distance / 2
print "Distance : %.1f" % distance+ " " + '{:1.1f}'.format(degree)+ " "+ '{:1.1f}'.format(count1)
if i > 0 and distance > 0:
lDistances.append(distance)
with open('distances.txt','a') as file:
for item in lDistances:
file.write("{:1.1f}\n".format(item))
z1.append(count1)
with open('z1.txt','a') as file:
for item in z1:
file.write("{:1.1f}\n".format(item))
r, theta, z = mapping(lDistances,angle, z1)
trace0 = Scatter3d(x= r, y= theta, z=z1)
layout = Layout(
title='Raspberry Pi Streaming Sensor Data'
)
fig = Figure(data=[trace0], layout=layout)
plot_url = py.plot(fig)
def mapping(lDistances,angle, z1):
[b]r= float(lDistances*math.sin(angle))
theta = distance*math.cos(angle)[/b]
z = float(count1)
return r, theta, z
def setStep(w1, w2, w3, w4):
GPIO.output(coil_A_1_pin, w1)
GPIO.output(coil_A_2_pin, w2)
GPIO.output(coil_B_1_pin, w3)
GPIO.output(coil_B_2_pin, w4)
count1 = 0
while True:
r = raw_input("do you want to run (y/n): ")
count1 += 1
count = 0
while (count <1):
if r == 'y':
delay = 10.0
steps = 512.0
forward(float(delay) / 1000.0, int(steps))
count = count + 1
# Reset GPIO settings
GPIO.cleanup()
Discoverer of the PI2 XENON DEATH FLASH!
Interests: C,Python,PIC,Electronics,Ham Radio (G0DZB),1960s British Computers.
"The primary requirement (as we've always seen in your examples) is that the code is readable. " Dougie Lawson
Interests: C,Python,PIC,Electronics,Ham Radio (G0DZB),1960s British Computers.
"The primary requirement (as we've always seen in your examples) is that the code is readable. " Dougie Lawson
Re: Type Error: Float is required
At first I thought the problem was that you are trying to convert a list into a float (which wouldn't work).
But on further looking I thing the problem is that you are trying to take the sine of a list.
I **THINK** you need some list comprehension in there to go through all the elements of the lists in turn and compute the sine and do the multiplication.
BUT list comprehensions are something that I'm not very good at so I'll wait for a better Python progrrammer to come along
PeterO
But on further looking I thing the problem is that you are trying to take the sine of a list.
I **THINK** you need some list comprehension in there to go through all the elements of the lists in turn and compute the sine and do the multiplication.
BUT list comprehensions are something that I'm not very good at so I'll wait for a better Python progrrammer to come along
PeterO
Discoverer of the PI2 XENON DEATH FLASH!
Interests: C,Python,PIC,Electronics,Ham Radio (G0DZB),1960s British Computers.
"The primary requirement (as we've always seen in your examples) is that the code is readable. " Dougie Lawson
Interests: C,Python,PIC,Electronics,Ham Radio (G0DZB),1960s British Computers.
"The primary requirement (as we've always seen in your examples) is that the code is readable. " Dougie Lawson
Re: Type Error: Float is required
List comprehension works like this:
e.g. calculate sines for a list of floats:
#this returns a list of the results:
result=[math.sin(x) for x in list_of_floats]
#this returns a generator object to be iterated over:
result=(math.sin(x) for x in list_of_floats)
or:
result=map(math.sin,list_of_floats)
# calls function math.sin for each element of list_of_floats
Reagrds
Aydan
e.g. calculate sines for a list of floats:
#this returns a list of the results:
result=[math.sin(x) for x in list_of_floats]
#this returns a generator object to be iterated over:
result=(math.sin(x) for x in list_of_floats)
or:
result=map(math.sin,list_of_floats)
# calls function math.sin for each element of list_of_floats
Reagrds
Aydan
Re: Type Error: Float is required
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Aydan wrote:List comprehension works like this:
e.g. calculate sines for a list of floats:
#this returns a list of the results:
result=[math.sin(x) for x in list_of_floats]
#this returns a generator object to be iterated over:
result=(math.sin(x) for x in list_of_floats)
or:
result=map(math.sin,list_of_floats)
# calls function math.sin for each element of list_of_floats
Reagrds
Aydan
this what i tired but still have some error
def mapping(lDistances,angle, z1):
r= lDistances*[math.sin(angle)for angle in list_of_floats]
theta = lDistances*[math.cos(angle)for angle in list_of_floats]
z = (count1)
return r, theta, z
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ERROR MSG
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 146, in <module>
float(forward(float(delay) / 1000.0))
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 104, in forward
r, theta, z = mapping(lDistances,angle, z1)
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 121, in mapping
r= lDistances*[math.sin(angle)for angle in list_of_floats]
NameError: global name 'list_of_floats' is not defined
Re: Type Error: Float is required
I think you want:-pavithan wrote:this what i tired but still have some error
def mapping(lDistances,angle, z1):
r= lDistances*[math.sin(angle)for angle in list_of_floats]
theta = lDistances*[math.cos(angle)for angle in list_of_floats]
z = (count1)
return r, theta, z
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR MSG
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 146, in <module>
float(forward(float(delay) / 1000.0))
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 104, in forward
r, theta, z = mapping(lDistances,angle, z1)
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 121, in mapping
r= lDistances*[math.sin(angle)for angle in list_of_floats]
NameError: global name 'list_of_floats' is not defined
Code: Select all
r = [distance * math.sin(angle) for distance in lDistances]
theta = [distance * math.cos(angle) for distance in lDistances]Re: Type Error: Float is required
AndyD is correct.AndyD wrote:I think you want:-pavithan wrote:this what i tired but still have some error
def mapping(lDistances,angle, z1):
r= lDistances*[math.sin(angle)for angle in list_of_floats]
theta = lDistances*[math.cos(angle)for angle in list_of_floats]
z = (count1)
return r, theta, z
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR MSG
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 146, in <module>
float(forward(float(delay) / 1000.0))
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 104, in forward
r, theta, z = mapping(lDistances,angle, z1)
File "stepper_sensor.py", line 121, in mapping
r= lDistances*[math.sin(angle)for angle in list_of_floats]
NameError: global name 'list_of_floats' is not defined
Code: Select all
r = [distance * math.sin(angle) for distance in lDistances] theta = [distance * math.cos(angle) for distance in lDistances]
pavithan: I only gave you an example. You have to adapt it to you code. list_of_floats was only a placeholder for your actual list of floats.
Regards
Aydan