for hardcore or sado-maso users...
1. download the image you want to install.
2. in case the image is zipped, unzip the image
3. insert the SD card, you want as destination to wipe out and transfere the new image.
4. in case your linux auto-mount the existing partitions of the SD card after you plugged the SD card, open a terminal window and unmount those partitions.
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sudo umount /media/boot
sudo umount /media/System
(depending on what is on the SD card)
do not use the eject icon of the file manager, because then the SD card is maybe inaccessable to the following process.
5.
dmesg | tail or
cat /proc/partitions or to see, that device name your SD card got from the OS.
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user@linux~$ dmesg | tail
[159528.121925] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] No Caching mode page found
[159528.121966] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
[159528.135077] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] No Caching mode page found
[159528.135119] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
[159528.138606] sda: sda1 sda2
[159528.149564] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] No Caching mode page found
[159528.149606] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
[159528.149631] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk
[159529.437749] FAT-fs (sda1): Volume was not properly unmounted. Some data may be corrupt. Please run fsck.
[159529.770046] EXT4-fs (sda2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
tells that your sd card is accessable under device name "/dev/
sda"
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user@linux~$ cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name
8 0 15793152 sda
8 1 57344 sda1
8 2 15731712 sda2
6. use
dd to wipeout the SD with the content of the image data
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sudo dd if=your_favorite.img of=/dev/sdX bs=1M && sudo sync
(where /dev/
sdX has to be the device name of the SD card. becarefully to take the right destination

not that you wipe out your HDD

)
7. wait until
dd wrote all data and
sync flushed all pending data from cache
8. unplug SD card.
now your SD card is wiped out with the data of the new image and you can now plug in the SD card to your RPi and boot into the new image
EDIT: here the official link to that process
http://www.raspberrypi.org/documentatio ... s/linux.md